An international arrest warrant issued by Russia against François Hollande

François Hollande recently said he signed the Minsk agreements in 2015 without ever intending to implement them, with the aim of giving Ukraine time to arm itself and fight against pro-Russian separatists. This statement has been described as a “crime against peace” by Russia, which considers that it is precisely this kind of attitude that makes crimes against humanity possible.

According to Thierry Meyssan, it is in this context that Russia issued an international arrest warrant against François Hollande. Although this decision has been largely ignored in France, it raises important questions about the responsibility of political leaders in the management of international conflicts.

Source

ER: It’s worth perusing the text below that Le Media en 4-4-2 has included.

Crime against the peace and security of humanity

Article premier

SCOPE AND APPLICATION OF THIS CODE

1. This Code applies to crimes against the peace and security of mankind set out in Part II.
2. Crimes against the peace and security of mankind are crimes under international law and are punishable as such, whether or not they are punishable under domestic law.

Article 2

INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY

1. A crime against the peace and security of humanity entails individual responsibility.
2. An individual is held responsible for the crime of aggression in accordance with article 16.
3. An individual is held responsible for a crime referred to in section 17, 18, 19 or 20, if that individual:
4. (a ) Intentionally commits such a crime;
5. (b ) Orders the commission of such a crime, to the extent that such crime has actually been committed or attempted;
6. (c ) Fails to prevent or repress the commission of such a crime in the circumstances referred to in article 6;
7. (d ) Knowingly provides aid or assistance in the commission of such a crime or otherwise facilitates it, directly and substantially, including by providing the means to commit it;
8. (e ) Directly participates in the planning or agreement to commit such a crime, to the extent that such crime was actually committed;
9. (f ) Directly and publicly incites another individual to commit such a crime, to the extent that such crime has actually been committed;
10. g ) Attempts to commit such a crime if this crime was the subject of a commencement of execution which only failed in its effect due to circumstances beyond his control.

Article 3

SANCTION

Any individual who is responsible for a crime against the peace and security of humanity is liable to punishment. The punishment is proportional to the character and seriousness of this crime.

Article 4

RESPONSIBILITY OF STATES

The fact that this Code provides for the responsibility of individuals for crimes against the peace and security of humanity is without prejudice to any question of State responsibility under international law.

Article 5

ORDER OF A GOVERNMENT OR HIERARCHICAL SUPERIOR

The fact that an individual accused of a crime against the peace and security of humanity acted on the orders of a government or a superior does not exempt him from criminal responsibility, but may be considered as a reason for reducing the sentence if this is consistent with justice.

Article 6

RESPONSIBILITY OF THE SUPERIOR

The fact that a crime against the peace and security of mankind has been committed by a subordinate does not exempt his superiors from criminal responsibility, if they knew, or had reason to know, in the circumstances at the time. , that this subordinate was committing or was going to commit such a crime and if they did not take all necessary measures in their power to prevent or repress this crime.

Article 7

OFFICIAL QUALITY AND RESPONSIBILITY

The official status of the author of a crime against the peace and security of humanity, even if he acted in his capacity as head of state or government, does not exempt him from criminal responsibility and is not a reason for reducing the sentence.

Article 8

SKILL

Without prejudice to the jurisdiction of an international criminal court, each State Party shall take the necessary measures to establish its jurisdiction for the purposes of trying the crimes referred to in articles 17, 18, 19 and 20, regardless of the place or the perpetrator of these crimes. Jurisdiction for the purposes of trying the crime referred to in Article 16 belongs to an international criminal court. However, a State mentioned in Article 16 is not prohibited from trying its nationals for the crime referred to in this Article.

Article 9

OBLIGATION TO EXTRADE OR PROSECUTE

Without prejudice to the jurisdiction of an international criminal court, the State Party in whose territory the alleged perpetrator of a crime referred to in article 17, 18, 19 or 20 is discovered shall extradite or prosecute the latter.

Article 10

EXTRADITION OF ALLEGED PERPETUTORS OF CRIMES

1. If the crimes referred to in articles 17, 18, 19 and 20 do not appear as extraditable cases in an extradition treaty concluded between the States Parties, they shall be deemed to appear therein as such. States Parties undertake to include these crimes as extraditable offenses in any extradition treaty to be concluded between them.
2. If a State Party which makes extradition conditional on the existence of a treaty receives a request for extradition from another State Party to which it is not bound by an extradition treaty, it has the option of consider this Code as constituting the legal basis for extradition in relation to these crimes. Extradition is subject to the conditions provided for by the legislation of the requested State.
3. States Parties which do not make extradition conditional on the existence of a treaty recognize these crimes as cases of extradition between them in accordance with the conditions provided for by the legislation of the requested State.
4. Between States Parties, each of these crimes shall be considered for the purposes of extradition as having been committed both at the place of its perpetration and in the territory of any other State Party.